Nouns
A Singular and plural
Regular plural
Singular + -s / -es = plural
a lamp - lamps
a table - tables
a fox - foxes
-s or -es?
Nouns that end in -ch, - sh, - s, -ss, and -x
a watch - watches
a wish - wishes
a kiss - kisses
a fox - foxes
Nouns that end in -y
vowel y -> ys
a boy + -s -> boys
consonant y -> ies
a city + -es -> cities
Nouns that end in -o
a potato - potatoes
a tomato - tomatoes
But! a piano - pianos
a photo - photos
Nouns that end in -f and -fe
a thief - thieves
a wife - wives
But! a roof - roofs
a cliff - cliffs
Always one form
Only plural form
glasses, scissors, jeans, shorts, pyjamas...
I bought a pair of scissors.
She has seven pairs of jeans
Only singular form
information, advice, knowledge, luggage...
I will give you one piece of advice.
He has got two pieces of luggagge.
A1 Irregular plural
A2 Stop and think!
A3 Mixed plurals
A4 Plural and singular
B Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns Uncountable nouns
(can be counted) (cannot be counted)
5 apples milk
3 eggs meat
6 cities salt
2 chairs butter
singular and plural one form only
(an egg - 3 eggs) (salt - Ø )
HOW MANY? HOW MUCH?
How many eggs do you need? How much salt do you need?
Countable or uncountable? Flip the cards, and check!
TIME
TIME - uncountable noun
We count minutes, hours, days, years...
time - uncountable
hours - countable
MONEY
MONEY - uncountable noun
We count euros, dollars, pounds...
money - uncountable
euros - countable
Stop and think!
Containers
We use containers to express quantity of uncountable nouns.
bottles, glasses, jars, tins, slices, loaves...
There are five bottles of water in the fridge.
(bottle - countable, water - uncountable)
B1 Countable nouns
B2 Countable vs uncountable nouns
B3 Containers
B4 How much / How many
C Possessive ’s
Possessive ’s
shows that something belongs to someone or something.
Andrea’s computer
singular noun + ’s
We'll use Andrea’s computer for the project.
Ann and John’s garden
two owners of one thing + ’s to the last noun
I always feel very relaxed in Ann and John’s garden.
my parents’ house
plural noun ending in –s + ’
My parents’ house is the biggest house in the street.
women’s shoes
plural noun not ending in –s + ’s
Women’s shoes are sometimes expensive.
C1 Possessive ’s